What is the function of AIS in maritime security?

The function of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) in maritime security primarily focuses on enhancing the tracking of vessel movements. AIS is a tracking system that uses transponders onboard ships to automatically broadcast information such as the vessel's identity, position, course, and speed to other ships and to shore-based stations. This real-time data exchange is crucial for improving situational awareness, aiding in collision avoidance, and facilitating maritime traffic management.

By providing accurate and timely information about vessel positions and movements, AIS contributes significantly to maritime security by helping authorities monitor and manage vessel traffic, detect suspicious or irregular behavior, and respond quickly to incidents at sea. This functionality can assist in identifying potential security threats, enhancing overall safety in maritime operations.

The other options do not align with the core purpose of AIS. For instance, preventing water pollution, inhibiting communication, and managing cargo do not directly relate to the primary purpose of AIS, which is about tracking and identification to promote safety and security on the waterways.